How plastic bottles are recycled

What works: You recognise that the process is a closed cycle, and you say so in your first sentence. The main stages are in the right order: collection, transport, sorting, compressing, crushing, washing, pellets, raw material, end products. The answer is over 150 words and has no personal opinion.

Problems:

1. Inaccurate overview. The diagram has nine numbered stages, not three. Your overview is also mixed into the paragraph that starts the description, so it is not a clear, separate summary.
   • ❌ "The procedure consists of 3 stages in which the plastic products are first gathered from trash cans."
   • ✅ "Overall, the process is a continuous nine-stage cycle that begins with public collection and ends with the manufacture of new products."

1. Wrong order of events. Washing comes after crushing, but your sentence makes it sound as if it happens because the bottles were collected from the trash.
   • ❌ "As they are collected from trash, the crushed bottles are washed in a tank."
   • ✅ "The crushed pieces then fall into a tank, where they are washed."

1. Heating is misdescribed. The diagram says the pellets are heated to form raw material. It does not say they are heated "to provide necessary substances", which is invented.
   • ❌ "These pellets are then heated to provide necessary substances."
   • ✅ "These pellets are then heated to form raw material."

1. Irrelevant sentence. This is a general statement, not information from the diagram.
   • ❌ "For developing products, raw materials are essential."
   • ✅ Delete it and use the space for missing detail.

1. Missing or vague details.
   • The sorting stage shows ticked and crossed boxes, meaning suitable and unsuitable bottles are separated. You only write "sorted by workers".
   • The end products also include food containers, which you leave out.
   • Stage 1 shows people putting bottles in a collection bin, but you write "collected from garbage" and then repeat the idea.

What works: The paragraphs follow the order of the process. You use sequencing words (Then, Finally, Next, After that, Lastly) and show that the process loops back to the start.

Problems:

1. The overview is not separate from the description. Paragraph 2 gives a vague overview and then begins describing the stages. Paragraph 3 then restarts at "In the first step". This repeats stage 1 and makes the structure unclear.
   • ❌ "In the first step, plastic products like bottles are collected from garbage." (already said in paragraph 2)
   • ✅ "To begin with, people place used bottles in a collection bin, and a truck then transports the contents to a recycling centre."

1. The paragraph split is uneven. Paragraph 3 holds stages 1–5 and the start of 6. The washing stage is then linked wrongly, and paragraph 4 begins with a general sentence that has no link to what came before. A better split is stages 1–5 (collection to washing) and stages 6–9 (pellets to end products).

1. A reference that does not make sense. "As they are collected from trash" gives a false reason for the washing. Use a time link instead, such as "Once clean…".

1. Repetition. "Raw materials" is repeated in three consecutive sentences, and "collected from trash/garbage" appears twice.

What works: You use appropriate process vocabulary: sorted, compressed, crushed, washed, pellets, raw materials, facility. The paraphrase in the introduction (depicts, recycled in a sequential cycle) is good.

Problems:

1. Imprecise or unnatural word choice.
   • ❌ "they turn to the collection bins"
   • ✅ "they re-enter the cycle at the collection bin"

1. Repeated or redundant wording.
   • ❌ "compressed into blocks into dense blocks"
   • ✅ "compressed into dense blocks"

1. Overly general words. "Trash cans", "garbage" and "products" are used loosely, and "some clothes" is not natural.
   • ❌ "to produce some clothes, pencils, bags and also bottles"
   • ✅ "to manufacture end products such as new bottles, food containers, clothing, bags and pencils"

1. A vague noun for the process. "The procedure consists of 3 stages" and "over multiple steps" are vague. Use stage or phase consistently, with the correct number.

1. Wrong word. "The crushed bottles" is fine, but "crushed between gears" does not match the picture well, which shows two rollers or cylinders. "Crushed between two rollers" is better.

No clear spelling mistakes. The weakness is in word choice and precision.

What works: You use passive voice throughout, as is appropriate for a process. You also use a relative clause (in which…), a time clause (Once bottles reach…, after which…) and an infinitive of purpose (To transfer recyclable bottles…).

Problems:

1. Repeated or doubled phrases (careless structure).
   • ❌ "the bottles are compressed into blocks into dense blocks"
   • ✅ "the bottles are compressed into dense blocks"

1. Faulty clause linking: the logic of the sentence is wrong.
   • ❌ "As they are collected from trash, the crushed bottles are washed in a tank."
   • ✅ "Once crushed, the pieces are washed in a tank."

1. Awkward or incorrect sentence structure.
   • ❌ "The procedure consists of 3 stages in which the plastic products are first gathered…"
   • ✅ "The process consists of nine stages, beginning with the collection of used bottles."
   • ❌ "For developing products, raw materials are essential."
   • ✅ Delete it, or write "Raw materials are essential for developing products." (but it is not needed here).

1. Incorrect preposition or verb.
   • ❌ "they turn to the collection bins"
   • ✅ "they end up in the collection bins"

1. Minor punctuation. Phrases like "the blocks are crushed between gears" are fine, but the long sentence in paragraph 3 would read better if split into shorter, clearer sentences.

1. Write an accurate, separate overview. Count the stages in the diagram (nine) and state that the process is a continuous cycle. Keep this paragraph free of step-by-step detail.
2. Check every stage against the diagram. Fix the washing sequence and the heating description, and add the sorting detail (suitable vs. unsuitable) and food containers. Do not add information that is not in the picture.
3. Remove repetition and tidy the wording. Delete the irrelevant sentence, avoid repeating stage 1, and correct phrases such as "compressed into blocks into dense blocks" and "they turn to the collection bins".